GDAL
GDAL is a translator library for raster and vector geospatial data formats that is released under an MIT style Open Source License by the Open Source Geospatial Foundation. As a library, it presents a single raster abstract data model and single vector abstract data model to the calling application for all supported formats. It also comes with a variety of useful command line utilities for data translation and processing. The NEWS page describes the October 2024 GDAL/OGR 3.9.3 release.
This documentation is also available as a PDF or a ZIP of individual HTML pages for offline browsing.
You may quote GDAL in publications by using the following Digital Object Identifier: 
- Download
- Programs
- Raster drivers
- AAIGrid -- Arc/Info ASCII Grid
- ACE2 -- ACE2
- ADRG -- ADRG/ARC Digitized Raster Graphics (.gen/.thf)
- AIG -- Arc/Info Binary Grid
- AIRSAR -- AIRSAR Polarimetric Format
- AVIF -- AV1 Image File Format
- BAG -- Bathymetry Attributed Grid
- BASISU -- Basis Universal
- BLX -- Magellan BLX Topo File Format
- BMP -- Microsoft Windows Device Independent Bitmap
- BSB -- Maptech/NOAA BSB Nautical Chart Format
- BT -- VTP .bt Binary Terrain Format
- BYN - Natural Resources Canada's Geoid file format (.byn)
- CAD -- AutoCAD DWG raster layer
- CALS -- CALS Type 1
- CEOS -- CEOS Image
- COASP -- DRDC COASP SAR Processor Raster
- COG -- Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF generator
- COSAR -- TerraSAR-X Complex SAR Data Product
- CPG -- Convair PolGASP data
- CTable2 -- CTable2 Datum Grid Shift
- CTG -- USGS LULC Composite Theme Grid
- DAAS (Airbus DS Intelligence Data As A Service driver)
- DDS -- DirectDraw Surface
- DERIVED -- Derived subdatasets driver
- DIMAP -- Spot DIMAP
- DIPEx -- ELAS DIPEx
- DOQ1 -- First Generation USGS DOQ
- DOQ2 -- New Labelled USGS DOQ
- DTED -- Military Elevation Data
- ECRGTOC -- ECRG Table Of Contents (TOC.xml)
- ECW -- Enhanced Compressed Wavelets (.ecw)
- EEDAI - Google Earth Engine Data API Image
- EHdr -- ESRI .hdr Labelled
- EIR -- Erdas Imagine Raw
- ELAS - Earth Resources Laboratory Applications Software
- ENVI -- ENVI .hdr Labelled Raster
- ESAT -- Envisat Image Product
- ESRIC -- Esri Compact Cache
- ERS -- ERMapper .ERS
- EXR -- Extended Dynamic Range Image File Format
- FAST -- EOSAT FAST Format
- FIT -- FIT
- FITS -- Flexible Image Transport System
- GenBin -- Generic Binary (.hdr labelled)
- Oracle Spatial GeoRaster
- GFF -- Sandia National Laboratories GSAT File Format
- GIF -- Graphics Interchange Format
- GPKG -- GeoPackage raster
- GRASS Raster Format
- GRASSASCIIGrid -- GRASS ASCII Grid
- GRIB -- WMO General Regularly-distributed Information in Binary form
- GS7BG -- Golden Software Surfer 7 Binary Grid File Format
- GSAG -- Golden Software ASCII Grid File Format
- GSBG -- Golden Software Binary Grid File Format
- GSC -- GSC Geogrid
- GTA - Generic Tagged Arrays
- GTI -- GDAL Raster Tile Index
- GTiff -- GeoTIFF File Format
- GXF -- Grid eXchange File
- HDF4 -- Hierarchical Data Format Release 4 (HDF4)
- HDF5 -- Hierarchical Data Format Release 5 (HDF5)
- HEIF / HEIC -- ISO/IEC 23008-12:2017 High Efficiency Image File Format
- HF2 -- HF2/HFZ heightfield raster
- HFA -- Erdas Imagine .img
- RST -- Idrisi Raster Format
- ILWIS -- Raster Map
- IRIS -- Vaisala's weather radar software format
- ISCE -- ISCE
- ISG -- International Service for the Geoid
- ISIS2 -- USGS Astrogeology ISIS Cube (Version 2)
- ISIS3 -- USGS Astrogeology ISIS Cube (Version 3)
- JDEM -- Japanese DEM (.mem)
- JP2ECW -- ERDAS JPEG2000 (.jp2)
- JP2KAK -- JPEG 2000 (based on Kakadu SDK)
- JP2Lura -- JPEG2000 driver based on Lurawave library
- JP2MrSID -- JPEG2000 via MrSID SDK
- JP2OpenJPEG -- JPEG2000 driver based on OpenJPEG library
- JPEG -- JPEG JFIF File Format
- JPEGXL -- JPEG-XL File Format
- JPIPKAK - JPIP Streaming
- KEA
- KMLSuperoverlay -- KMLSuperoverlay
- KRO -- KOLOR Raw format
- KTX2
- LAN -- Erdas 7.x .LAN and .GIS
- L1B -- NOAA Polar Orbiter Level 1b Data Set (AVHRR)
- LCP -- FARSITE v.4 LCP Format
- Leveller -- Daylon Leveller Heightfield
- LOSLAS -- NADCON .los/.las Datum Grid Shift
- MAP -- OziExplorer .MAP
- MRF -- Meta Raster Format
- MBTiles
- MEM -- In Memory Raster
- MFF -- Vexcel MFF Raster
- MFF2 -- Vexcel MFF2 Image
- MrSID -- Multi-resolution Seamless Image Database
- MSG -- Meteosat Second Generation
- MSGN -- Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) Native Archive Format (.nat)
- NDF -- NLAPS Data Format
- NetCDF: Network Common Data Form
- NGSGEOID - NOAA NGS Geoid Height Grids
- NGW -- NextGIS Web
- NITF -- National Imagery Transmission Format
- NOAA_B -- NOAA GEOCON/NADCON5 .b format
- NSIDCbin -- National Snow and Ice Data Centre Sea Ice Concentrations
- NTv2 -- NTv2 Datum Grid Shift
- NWT_GRD/NWT_GRC -- Northwood/Vertical Mapper File Format
- OGCAPI -- OGC API Tiles / Maps / Coverage
- ESRI File Geodatabase raster (OpenFileGDB)
- OZI -- OZF2/OZFX3 raster
- JAXA PALSAR Processed Products
- PAux -- PCI .aux Labelled Raw Format
- PCIDSK -- PCI Geomatics Database File
- PCRaster -- PCRaster raster file format
- PDF -- Geospatial PDF
- PDS -- Planetary Data System v3
- PDS4 -- NASA Planetary Data System (Version 4)
- PLMosaic (Planet Labs Mosaics API)
- PNG -- Portable Network Graphics
- PNM -- Netpbm (.pgm, .ppm)
- PostGISRaster -- PostGIS Raster driver
- PHOTOMOD Raster File
- Rasterlite - Rasters in SQLite DB
- RasterLite2 - Rasters in SQLite DB
- R -- R Object Data Store
- RDB - RIEGL Database
- RIK -- Swedish Grid Maps
- RMF -- Raster Matrix Format
- ROI_PAC -- ROI_PAC
- RPFTOC -- Raster Product Format/RPF (a.toc)
- RRASTER -- R Raster
- RS2 -- RadarSat 2 XML Product
- S102 -- S-102 Bathymetric Surface Product
- S104 -- S-104 Water Level Information for Surface Navigation Product
- S111 -- S-111 Surface Currents Product
- SAFE -- Sentinel-1 SAFE XML Product
- SAR_CEOS -- CEOS SAR Image
- SAGA -- SAGA GIS Binary Grid File Format
- SDTS -- USGS SDTS DEM
- SENTINEL2 -- Sentinel-2 Products
- SGI -- SGI Image Format
- SIGDEM -- Scaled Integer Gridded DEM
- SNAP_TIFF -- Sentinel Application Processing GeoTIFF
- SNODAS -- Snow Data Assimilation System
- SRP -- Standard Product Format (ASRP/USRP) (.gen)
- SRTMHGT -- SRTM HGT Format
- STACIT - Spatio-Temporal Asset Catalog Items
- STACTA - Spatio-Temporal Asset Catalog Tiled Assets
- Terragen -- Terragen™ Terrain File
- TGA -- TARGA Image File Format
- TIL -- EarthWatch/DigitalGlobe .TIL
- TileDB - TileDB raster
- TSX -- TerraSAR-X Product
- USGSDEM -- USGS ASCII DEM (and CDED)
- VICAR -- VICAR
- VRT -- GDAL Virtual Format
- WCS -- OGC Web Coverage Service
- WEBP - WEBP
- WMS -- Web Map Services
- WMTS -- OGC Web Map Tile Service
- XPM -- X11 Pixmap
- XYZ -- ASCII Gridded XYZ
- Zarr
- ZMap -- ZMap Plus Grid
- Vector drivers
- AmigoCloud
- (Geo)Arrow IPC File Format / Stream
- Arc/Info Binary Coverage
- Arc/Info E00 (ASCII) Coverage
- CAD -- AutoCAD DWG
- Carto
- Comma Separated Value (.csv)
- CSW - OGC CSW (Catalog Service for the Web)
- Microstation DGN
- Microstation DGN v8
- AutoCAD DWG
- AutoCAD DXF
- Google Earth Engine Data API
- EDIGEO
- Elasticsearch: Geographically Encoded Objects for Elasticsearch
- ESRIJSON / FeatureService driver
- ESRI File Geodatabase (FileGDB)
- FlatGeobuf
- GeoConcept text export
- GeoJSON
- GeoJSONSeq: sequence of GeoJSON features
- GeoRSS : Geographically Encoded Objects for RSS feeds
- GML - Geography Markup Language
- GMLAS - Geography Markup Language (GML) driven by application schemas
- GMT ASCII Vectors (.gmt)
- GPKG -- GeoPackage vector
- GPSBabel
- GPX - GPS Exchange Format
- GRASS Vector Format
- GTFS - General Transit Feed Specification
- SAP HANA
- IDB
- Idrisi Vector (.VCT)
- "INTERLIS 1" and "INTERLIS 2" drivers
- JML: OpenJUMP JML format
- JSONFG -- OGC Features and Geometries JSON
- KML - Keyhole Markup Language
- LIBKML Driver (.kml .kmz)
- Dutch Kadaster LV BAG 2.0 Extract
- MapML
- Memory
- MiraMon Vector
- MapInfo TAB and MIF/MID
- MongoDBv3
- MSSQLSpatial - Microsoft SQL Server Spatial Database
- MVT: Mapbox Vector Tiles
- MySQL
- NAS - ALKIS
- NetCDF: Network Common Data Form - Vector
- NGW -- NextGIS Web
- UK .NTF
- OGC API - Features
- Oracle Spatial
- ODBC RDBMS
- ODS - Open Document Spreadsheet
- OGDI Vectors
- ESRI File Geodatabase vector (OpenFileGDB)
- OSM - OpenStreetMap XML and PBF
- (Geo)Parquet
- PDF -- Geospatial PDF
- PDS - Planetary Data Systems TABLE
- PostgreSQL SQL Dump
- ESRI Personal GeoDatabase
- PostgreSQL / PostGIS
- PLScenes (Planet Labs Scenes/Catalog API)
- PMTiles -- ProtoMaps Tiles
- IHO S-57 (ENC)
- SDTS
- Selafin files
- ESRI Shapefile / DBF
- Norwegian SOSI Standard
- SQLite / Spatialite RDBMS
- SVG - Scalable Vector Graphics
- Storage and eXchange Format - SXF
- U.S. Census TIGER/Line
- TileDB -- TileDB vector
- TopoJSON driver
- VDV - VDV-451/VDV-452/INTREST Data Format
- VFK - Czech Cadastral Exchange Data Format
- VRT -- Virtual Format
- WAsP - WAsP .map format
- WFS - OGC WFS service
- XLS - MS Excel format
- XLSX - MS Office Open XML spreadsheet
- XODR -- OpenDRIVE Road Description Format
- User
- Raster Data Model
- Multidimensional Raster Data Model
- Vector Data Model
- Geographic Networks Data Model
- Multi-threading
- OGR SQL dialect and SQLITE SQL dialect
- GDAL Virtual File Systems
- Feature Style Specification
- Coordinate epoch support
- Configuration options
- GDAL Python Utilities
- Security considerations
- API
- Tutorials
- Development
- Community
- Sponsors
- How to contribute?
- FAQ
- What does GDAL stand for?
- What is this OGR stuff?
- What does OGR stand for?
- What does CPL stand for?
- When was the GDAL project started?
- Is GDAL/OGR proprietary software?
- What license does GDAL/OGR use?
- What operating systems does GDAL-OGR run on?
- Is there a graphical user interface to GDAL/OGR?
- What compiler can I use to build GDAL/OGR?
- I have a question that's not answered here. Where can I get more information?
- How do I add support for a new format?
- Is GDAL thread-safe ?
- Does GDAL provide a Section 508 information?
- How do I cite GDAL ?
- License
- Thanks